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4. Create a commit

You just cloned your repository! Now let's start the fun.

What is a commit?​

A commit can be understood as snapshot of all the files in the repository.

See your current commit​

Run tw to see your current commit:

@ #0v0 c/0v0 Submitted
| [Initialize]

Lets unpack what everything means:

  • @ your current commit (others will appear soon)
  • #0v0 version 0 of the commit with local id 0 (more on that later)
  • c/0v0 version 0 of the commit with server id 0 (more on that later)
  • Submitted indicates this commit is submitted
  • [Initialize] a short title describing the commit. This one in particular was auto-generated, because the first commit is created automatically with the repository.

Commit Ids?​

There are 2 type of commit Ids: local and server.

  • The local id (represented as #<local id>) is a number that identifies a commit on someone's computer. That number starts at 0 and increases by 1 for each commit created on that computer.
  • The server id (represented as c/<server id>) is also a number that starts at 0 and is increased by 1 for every commit created on the server or pushed to it.

Thus, if two users create two commits on their machines, those commits will have local id #1 and #2 on their machines. Once they push to the server, those commits will get a server id. Note that the server Id globally identifies a commit.

Commit versions?​

All commits have an immutable version. When a commit is created, it has version 0. When that commit is modified (amended, restored, rebased or submitted - more on that later), that version is increased by 1.

Submitted?​

When commits are first created, they are considered work in progress. This means you can still edit them.

Once a commit is submitted, it is considered final (immutable) and part of the main version history of the repository.

Note that submitting a commit also increases it's version.

Create a commit​

Let’s create our first commit!

Create an example file by running the following command:

echo "I just write incredible code." > example.txt

Run the following command to create a commit

tw commit "My first commit"

Run tw to see the commit you just created on top of #0v0:

@ #1v0
| My first commit!
* #0v0 c/0v0 Submitted
| [Initialize]